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Results

Table 1 shows estimated nutrient intake of subjects and the percentage difference between the baseline values and the values in the presence of fruits and vegetables. Reduction was noticed in intake of energy, sodium, fats and related compounds while increased was observed in all other nutrients.

Table 1
Estimated daily nutrient intake of hypertensive subjects
Nutrient Baseline Fruit and vegetable supplemental diet % Difference
Energy (calories) 13448 ± 19.60 9818.98 ± 23.00  
Carbohydrate (g) 543.30 ± 21.30 617.22 ± 10.60  
Fat and related compound (g) 28.59 ± 5.00 20.32 ± 3.00  
Protein (g) 189.10 ± 6.90 200.03 ± 4.60  
Riboflavin (mg) 5.10 ± 1.60 6.04 ± 1.90  
Vitamin C (mg) 386.50 ± 12.70 1076.26 ± 35.00  
Soluble fibre (g) 20.20 ± 8.30 35.9 ± 4.609  
Insoluble fibre (g) 6.16 ± 1.70 30.56 ± 0.60  
Total fibre (g) 26.14 ± 8.10 64.49 ± 3.56  
Niacin (mg) 14.24 ± 3.50 23.75 ± 1.80  
Thiamine (mg) 2.38 ± 1.30 4.12 ± 0.70  
Vitamin A (Iu) 2996.90 ± 27.00 4531.78 ± 14.60  
Sodium (mg) 2256 ± 57.90 1608.43 ± 45.76  
Potasium (mg) 1826.10 ± 4130 3247.28 ± 12.90  
Calcium (mg) 1248.10 ± 46.90 1738.88 ± 26.50  
Phosphorus (mg) 1077.50 ± 23.90 2096.98 ± 36.20  
Iron (mg) 74.18 ± 1.40 81.09 ± 0.90  
Magnesium (mg) 97.40 ± 6.40 128.30 ± 1.30

 

Table 2 shows Body mass index (BMI) and lipid profiles of the subjects. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were noticed between the baseline values and the eighth-week values for all the parameters except the BMI and HDL cholesterol. Also significant differences (P < 0.05) was noticed between the eighth week values and the tenth week values in Triacylgleride total serum cholesterol, however, no significance difference (P > 0.05) was noticed in BMI and HDL cholesterol.

Table 2
BMI and lipid profile of hypertensive subjects
  Baseline Week 2 Week 4 Week 6 Week 8 Week 10
BMI 25.53 ± 1.44 25.64 ± 1.44 25.72 ± 1.44 25.88 ± 1.45 25.79 ± 1.46 25.83 ± 1.47
Triglycerides mgdL-1 125.87 ± 6.85 131.80 ± 7.61 131.07 ± 5.56 113.67 ± 6.54 118.27 ± 10.49 105.73 ± 5.75
Total serum Chol. mgd-1 226.60 ± 6.15 213.53 ± 8.35 199.80 ± 8.34 184.53 ± 4.04 179.20 ± 5.78 190.60 ± 4.7
HDL chol mgd-1 64.53 ± 2.40 63.20 ± 5.56 62.00 ± 17 58.73 ± 1.64 62.67 ± 1.64 60.27 ± 1.25
LDL chol mgdL-1 135.69 ± 5.56 125.09 ± 7.55 112.12 ± 5.86 102.25 ± 4.67 93.07 ± 7.18 109.01 ± 4.2

 

Table 3 shows a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the baseline values and the eighth-week values in Atherogenic index and Systolic blood pressure while no significant difference (P > 0.05) was between the eighth-week values and tenth-week values.

Table 3
Atherogenic index, coronary risk index and blood pressure of hypertensive subjects
  Baseline Week 2 Week 4 Week 6 Week 8 Week 10
Atherogenic Index 2.34 ± 0.12 2.20 ± 0.14 1.92 ± 0.11 1.93 ± 0.14 1.79 ± 0.11 1.73 ± 0.13
Coronary Risk Index 3.90 ± 0.14 3.72 ± 0.15 3.11 ± 0.11 3.39 ± 0.15 3.21 ± 0.13 3.26 ± 0.13
Systolic mm Hg 155.33 ± 7.55 152.67 ± 6.36 151.33 ± 3.63 149.33 ± 6.21 141.343 ± 3.89 143.33 ± 4.33
Diastolic mm Hg 89.33 ± 3.44 90.67 ± 3.30 94.67 ± 3.22 86.00 ± 3.49 86.00 ± 3.49 88.00 ± 2.43